Redes de Telecomunicaciones y de datos (Ingles)

 Product quality assessment

Development automation rewards the diverse use of technologies such as hardware and software, to support the management of defined activities according to a specific order, which is supported by generating physical documents, creating during their execution, although organizations today have Concerned about this reality, they seek to define their administrative processes by means of standards, allowing them to have adequate documentation, so as to avoid inconsistencies from both the organizational and legal point of view.

In the case of public institutions in Venezuela, the state policies currently implemented have been oriented to the provision of computer and technological equipment, however manual methods are still being implemented, which is due to more predominant factors such as training and the availability of the specialist staff in the area of ​​information technology.

  The Liceo Bolivariano "Alberto Carnevali" is a public institution that currently lacks technological advances to be used in its administrative processes, not only due to the rapid technological boom to which today's society is exposed, but also due to lack of resources and availability of specialist personnel in the development of computer solutions that allow you to streamline administrative processes of a great nature, such as the control of staff attendance.

As mentioned above, the control of staff attendance is one of the most important processes carried out by the institution, which is used through a manual system, thus incurring unnecessary expenses of time and resources, in addition to causing delays in the delivery of reports to the Ministry of Popular Power for Education. Said control includes a series of processes which will be detailed below:

Attendance: During the execution of this process, the attendant in charge of attendance control transcribes the attendance folders to an Excel sheet daily, covering a large amount of time because there are various types of personnel, in addition to the additional verification (in the case of personnel teacher) between the daily attendance folders and the folders supplied by the coordinators.

Where the routine performance tests were carried out in order to evaluate the quality of the product: documentation, acceptance tests, operation and maintenance

Telecommunications and data networks

Communication equipment configuration

     Communication equipment or also called telecommunications are hardware that is dedicated to making connections between two or more points, allowing communication links, in order to exchange data and information in an analog or digital way. Being governed by a series of standards in charge of handling information safely and efficiently.

     There are several types of communication and these are classified into three types:

Ø Public communication: Analogue and digital switching stand out.

Ø  Transmission equipment: Cable lines and communications satellites stand out.

Ø  Client computers: The best known among them are local networks, modems, telephones, routers, among others.

     The configuration of these equipment is aimed at offering optimal operation for the area where this hardware will work, which is extremely important to carry out a configuration due to the complexity of the multiple possible options for the transmission of data and information, including from measurements of security in order to avoid protocols that these teams must use to communicate with each other, avoiding the loss of information.

Protocol (RIP, OSPF, IGRP, EIGRP) 

RIP

     It is an internal gateway protocol or "IGP" that routers use to exchange information about the IP to which it is connected. This uses the distance vector, it calculates the shortest route to the destination, based on the number of hops it has to cross, this has a maximum limit of 15 hops when it goes to 16 it is considered an unreachable or undesirable route, this protocol is free, can be used by different routers.

OSPF

     It is an “IGP” protocol, it was created by the IEFT working group, it is based on the state of the link, it distributes information between the routers that belong to the same autonomous system, it searches for the shortest access path, it can operate safely using MD5 To authenticate your points before making new routes before accepting link status announcements, this protocol does not use TPC or UDP protocol directly over IP 89.

 IGRP

      It is a proprietary protocol developed by Cisco. It is also a distance vector routing protocol. This can consider bandwidth, load, delay, and reliability to create a composite metric. IGRP sends, by default, routing table updates for a particular autonomous system at 90 second intervals.

 

EIGRP

     It is a protocol developed by Cisco, it is used as "IGP", this protocol is based on distance vector technology, although it has the status of the link. It does not guarantee the use of the best route, It is oriented towards its implementation in large networks, it is called a "hybrid" routing protocol because it presents distance vector and link state characteristics, it is only compatible with Cisco equipment.

     It establishes adjacencies with the routers by sending hello packets to other routers.

     It uses the default bandwidth and delay and has static values ​​and load and reliability has dynamic values ​​that change due to time.

Router, switch, VLAN configuration

     It is defined as the communication scheme between routers. Routing protocols are algorithms that allow us to say what is the best route that a datagram or packet must follow to reach its destination.

     Because they are elements that make up the network layer, it has to fulfill two main assignments:

Ø  Packet forwarding: When a packet reaches the inbound link of a router, it must pass the packet to the appropriate outbound range.

Ø  Packet routing: By using routing algorithms it has to be able to determine the route that packets must follow as they flow from a sender to a receiver.

    A VLAN, an acronym for virtual LAN (virtual local area network), is a method of creating independent logical networks within the same physical network. Multiple VLANs can coexist on a single physical switch or on a single physical network. They are useful for reducing the broadcast domain and aid in network administration, separating logical segments of a local area network that should not exchange data using the local network.

Operability of an electronic data network

      The operation of an electronic data network is a means by which people interact with other people at great or short distances through internet media, sending and receiving and / or sharing files, documents or information (both written and audiovisual ); at the same time you can enjoy its services to search for some type of data, being its easy and fast use.

Computer Equipment Configuration

      Hardware in data communication is used to transmit data over a computer network between workstations and computers. This hardware includes: Modem, transmission channel processors, communications processors and data PBXs. It is important to know its proper configuration to ensure optimal interconnection in the network.

 

Access Lists

     Refers to a list of rules detailing service ports or domain (network) names that are available on a terminal or other network layer device, each with a list of terminals and / or networks that have permission to use the service. Both individual servers and routers can have network ACLs. Access control lists can generally be configured to control incoming and outgoing traffic and in this context are similar to a firewall.

Author: Daymar Bolívar C.I: 28.291.188